Category: News

Even in 2026, we continue to develop expertise in the field of cybersecurity through CUSEC lifelong learning programs.

👉 On January 16, 2026, the course Responsible relationships in cybersecurity started, which focuses on legal, organizational and responsibility aspects in a dynamically developing cyber environment.

At the same time, another module of the Basics of Cybersecurity Regulation and Related Areas course continues, which provides a systematic overview of the regulatory framework in the area of cybersecurity, data protection and related topics.

📍 Education takes place in modernized premises that were reconstructed as part of the CUSEC project, financed by the European Union - NextGenerationEU through the Recovery and Resilience Plan of the Slovak Republic, as part of project no. 17R05-04-V01-00002.

We see lifelong learning as a key tool for connecting law, regulation and practice in cybersecurity. We look forward to further joint education in 2026.

The team CUSEC project visited 11/12/2025 Gymnázium Ul. on November 17 in Topoľčany to introduce more than a hundred students to the issue of cyberbullying.

The lecturing team consisting of JUDr. Zoltán Gyurasz, PhD., Mgr. Maroš Pavlovič, PhD., LL.M. and JUDr. Marek Adamkovič presented the key aspects of cyberbullying prevention to the high school students. The discussion also focused on the consequences of cyberbullying and on practical examples that young people can encounter in the online environment. Students actively participated, asked questions and showed great interest in the topic that directly affects them. A helping hand was also given in the organization of the training by the student auxiliary scientific forces Bc. Marek Mičák a Bc. Bogdan Lukashenko.

We thank the pedagogical team of the gymnasium under the leadership of PaedDr. Martina Mazáňová, PhD. for the opportunity to present the results of our research directly in Topoľčany. Such meetings confirm how important it is to connect professional knowledge with practice and to support education in the field of cybersecurity already in secondary schools.

A conference was held at the UPJŠ Faculty of Law in Košice Human rights and freedoms under pressure from algorithms: International and national AI challenges, at which the doctoral students of the Institute of IT Law and PDV, supported by the grant scheme of the Competence Centre for the Regulation of Cybersecurity, Privacy Protection and Cybercrime, also spoke Soňa Juhásová and Lucia Rybanová.

Lucia Rybanová prezentovala príspevok Is Sharing Really Caring? Legislative Response to Sharenting in the EU Digital Legislation, in which she addressed the phenomenon of sharing and the possibilities of how European digital regulation reacts to it, especially the Digital Services Act.

Soňa Juhásová vo vystúpení Digital constitutionalism: a path to respect for human rights in the age of algorithms? Zdôraznila a kriticky analyzovala potrebu ústavných princípov pri moderovaní obsahu a rozhodovaní zo strany online platforiem. 

The participation of our doctoral students enriched the professional discussion on current challenges in the field of rights protection in the digital environment.

Doctoral students of the Faculty of Law, UK Mgr. Soňa Juhásová, Mgr. Lucia Rybanová, Mgr. Miroslav Sorkovský and Mgr. Alžbeta Šimeková were supported within the grant scheme of the Competence Centre for the Regulation of Cybersecurity, Privacy Protection and Cybercrime (CUSEC).

In their dissertations, all four focus on the current challenges of the digital space - from the regulation of social platforms and freedom of expression, to the protection of minors on social networks and the use of artificial intelligence in criminal proceedings, to the regulatory tools of cybersecurity.

Support from CUSEC will enable them to actively participate in international conferences and research stays in the field of information technology law, artificial intelligence and digital regulation, develop their own research and at the same time make the Law Faculty of the UK and CUSEC visible in the international academic environment.

In Topoľčany we met with PaedDr. Martina Mazáňová, PhD., the director of the Gymnasium at Ul. November 17. 🤝📚

They attended the meeting for CUSEC doc. JUDr. Jozef Andraško, PhD. and Mgr. Maroš Pavlovič, PhD., LL.M. Together, we continued the cooperation, which was recently confirmed by the signed memorandum. ✍️🤝

The discussion was very stimulating. 💬✨
In addition to the planned courses and activities for students, we also talked about current challenges in the area cyber bullying, which affects an increasing number of young people. 🧑‍💻⚠️

It is a topic that we want to address systematically and in close cooperation with memorandum secondary schools. 🛡️👩‍🏫👨‍🏫

On November 3 and 4, 2025, a professional conference was held in the High Tatras "KYBER2025: AI and the Future of Cybersecurity", which was organized by the National Security Office of the Slovak Republic (hereinafter referred to as "NBÚ"). The conference was attended by representatives of the National Security Agency, the Competence and Certification Center for cybersecurity and the Faculty of Law of the Comenius University Bratislava (hereinafter referred to as "Faculty of Law, Comenius University Bratislava").

Faculty of Law, Comenius University Bratislava was represented at the conference by the heads of the Department of Criminal Law, Criminology and Criminology prof. JUDr. Jozef Čentéš, DrSc. and an internal doctoral student Mgr. Alžbeta Šimeková, who participated in the event as part of the project of the Competence Centre for the regulation of Cybersecurity, privacy protection and Cybercrime (CUSEC).

Prof. Čenteš actively spoke at the conference with a professional contribution on the topic "Criminal Liability of Cybersecurity Managers". In his speech, he addressed the issue of the legal status and responsibility of cybersecurity managers in connection with the fulfillment of obligations under the Cyber ​​Security Act, as well as the limits of criminal liability in the event of their violation. He also discussed selected facts of crimes committed in cyberspace, including unauthorized access to a computer system, dangerous electronic harassment, as well as the issue of ransomware attacks. In the context of the amendment to the Criminal Code effective from August 6, 2025, he analyzed the new factual elements of criminal offenses of violation of restrictive measures and the introduction of the concept of "gross negligence". His contribution appropriately complemented expert presentations focused on current issues of cybersecurity, new regulatory measures and the security of artificial intelligence, thus contributing to a comprehensive view of the connection between criminal liability, the regulatory framework and technological aspects of cyberspace protection.

The approach of the NBU can be appreciated, which through the selection of topics, the professional level of the contributions and the moderation of the program ensured that the course of the conference was factual, professionally balanced and stimulating, while it was characterized by the active participation of those present in the discussions.

V dňoch 23. a 24. októbra bol JUDr. Marek Adamkovič na konferencii Truth and Authority in Criminal Justice organizovanú Právnickou fakultou Maastrichtskej Univerzity. Na konferencii aktívne vystúpil s príspevkom Disinformation, Public Health, and the Role of Criminal Law. Išlo o prezentáciu výskumu ktorý realizoval spoločne so svojim školiteľom doc. JUDr. Marekom Kordíkom, PhD., LL.M. Výskum sa zaoberal otázkou „Či je trestné právo vhodným nástrojom na postihovanie dezinformácii súvisiacich s verejným zdravím“, pričom pre daný účel bol analyzovaný pojem verejné zdravie v rôznych prameňoch medzinárodného práva, a tiež rozhodovacia činnosť ESĽP vo vzťahu ku slobode prejavu a jej obmedziteľnosti z dôvodu ochrany zdravia tak, ako to predpokladá čl. 10 ods. 2 Dohovoru o ochrane ľudských práv a základných slobôd. Preskúmané súdne rozhodnutia napovedajú, že Európsky súd pre ľudské práva vníma ochranu verejného zdravia ako legitímny cieľ, avšak kriminalizácia konaní ktoré by doň zasahovali realizovaním slobody prejavu sa nemusí javiť ako proporcionálne opatrenie. Limitáciu výskumu je však malý počet súdnych rozhodnutí ktoré zároveň posudzovali prípady administratívnych sankcii a nie sankcii uložených na základe porušení trestného zákona.

V časopise Časopis pro právní vědu a praxi vyšiel nový článok s názvom „Ransomvér a úhrada výkupného v kontexte trestného práva“, ktorého autormi sú prof. Jozef Čentéš a Michal Rampašek.

The publication was created within CUSEC project and addresses one of the current challenges at the intersection of cybersecurity, compliance and criminal law – the legal consequences of paying ransom after ransomware attacks.

The authors analyze this issue from a Slovak and Czech perspective, focusing mainly on:
🔹 laundering proceeds from the ransom through cryptocurrencies and anonymization tools,
🔹 possible criminal law risks (money laundering, terrorist financing, violation of EU sanctions), and
🔹 decision-making framework from the point of view of compliance for organizations facing ransom payment requirements.

At a time when the number of ransomware attacks in Europe is constantly growing, this article offers up-to-date knowledge not only for experts in criminal law, but also for CISOs, compliance and risk managers who deal with real incidents in practice.

Dňa 15. októbra 2025 sa uskutočnilo prvé stretnutie medzi riaditeľkou Základnej školy a Gymnázia s vyučovacím jazykom maďarským na Dunajskej ulici 13 v Bratislave, Mgr. Katarínou Morvayovou, a zástupcami Kompetenčného centra pre reguláciu kybernetickej bezpečnosti, ochrany súkromia a kybernetickej kriminality, doc. Andraškom a Dr. Gyurászom.

Stretnutie nadviazalo na nedávno podpísané memorandum o spolupráci, ktorého cieľom je posilniť povedomie o kybernetickej bezpečnosti a ochrane súkromia medzi žiakmi a pedagógmi.

📘 Pre stredné školy bude Kompetenčné centrum zabezpečovať sériu odborných školení s názvom „Kybernetická hygiena pre stredné školy“, ktoré sa zameriavajú na témy z oblasti kybernetickej bezpečnosti, ochrany súkromia a kybernetickej kriminality.

💡 Pre študentov sa pripravujú vzdelávacie aktivity v atraktívnom a veku primeranom formáte, ktoré podporia zodpovedné správanie, kritické myslenie a bezpečný pohyb vo virtuálnom prostredí.

Táto spolupráca predstavuje dôležitý krok k budovaniu digitálne uvedomelej a bezpečnej generácie.

Welcome to the second edition of CUSEC News. Each week, we'll provide an overview of the key regulations, upcoming laws, court decisions, courses, and research that are shaping the rapidly changing fields of cybersecurity, privacy, and cybercrime.

Regulators and individual representatives of various industries around the world are trying to secure a digital space where advances in artificial intelligence, data protection and cyber resilience must go hand in hand.

Last week's news:

· The European Commission presented new strategies to speed up the implementation of artificial intelligence across Europe with an emphasis on innovation, ethics and competitiveness. (EK) · Daily attacks on critical infrastructure in Switzerland. (SRF)

· Starting in 2026, manufacturers of fully automated vehicles will be liable for traffic violations in Florida. (CBS News)

· The London police force arrested two 17-year-old boys in connection with the recent cyber attack at London-based childcare chain Kido. (ComputerWeekly)

· Australia's Qantas Airways announced the leak of customer data after a cyber attack. (Reuters)

· The Italian Data Protection Authority has imposed a temporary restriction on the processing of user data of the Clothoff Deepfake application as of October 3. (GPDP) · Czech cyber agency NÚKIB reports DDoS attacks on local entities. (NÚKIB) · Microsoft 365 Education illegally tracked users. (NOYB)

· The University of Oxford has supported the debate on the ethical use of AI through the Harness of AI for Justice initiative, exploring the potential of AI to improve justice in the justice system. (Oxford)

1️ Regulation

California: AI Safety Legislation

California passed a package of 18 new laws aimed at AI security, including in the areas of deepfake, data protection and AI liability. It is the first US state to directly regulate AI safety. The legislation is also based on the recommendations of the Joint Policy Working Group on AI Frontier Models. (Jones Walker)

EU: Guidelines on DSA and DMA

The European Commission and the European Data Protection Board (EDPB) have issued a new joint proposal

guidance clarifying the relationship between the Digital Services Act (DSA) and the GDPR. The aim is to promote compliance in all Member States. Guideline 3/2025 focuses on the application of data protection under DSA, in particular with regard to transparency, data processing and accountability. (EDPB)

2️ Prepared legal regulations

Germany: Draft Federal Law on Information Security

The new draft federal law on information security implements the NIS-2 Directive [Entwurf eines Gesetzes zur Utszeug der NIS-2-Richtlinie und zur Regelung wesentlicher Grundzüge des Informationssicherheits-managements in der Bundesverwaltung] and establishes a clear framework for strengthening cybersecurity. The management is obliged to complete training on relevant cyber risks and information security practices according to §38 par. 3 of the bill. The NIS-2 training [NIS-2-Geschäftsleistungsschulung] provides preliminary recommendations especially for institutions obliged to fulfill the new tasks resulting from the proposal.

3️ Courses and events

Embodied AI: Invisible Cues 📅 October 23, 2025

📍 Online 🔗 Registration

Automated vehicles communicate not only through data and sensors, but also through behavior. Don't miss the opportunity to learn how artificial intelligence can contribute to increasing mobility safety.

EdTech Conference 2025 📅 October 30, 2025

📍 Brusel 🔗 Detaily podujatia

Explore the latest trends in digital learning and AI tools for future classrooms. The event will bring together industry leaders, startups, politicians, universities and schools.

AI in Science Summit 2025 📅 3–4. november 2025

📍 Copenhagen 🔗 Event details

The summit will bring together scientists, industry leaders, investors and policy makers to discuss the transformation of AI research and the future of Europe.

4️ Literature

The Future of Privacy Forum tracked 210 bills in 42 states and identified key trends in AI development in the private sector. (FPF)

The European Commission has launched the Apply AI strategy, which accelerates the adoption of AI and strengthens technological sovereignty. (Communique)

AI in science is pushing the boundaries of research, with research and innovation at the center. AI is an extremely useful tool for scientists and accelerates scientific discoveries. (Communique)

The European Commission has introduced a framework to categorize modified general AI models (GPAIs) as "new models" based on behavioral changes. The revised model should be considered a new system under the AI ​​Act. The report outlines two ways to measure behavior change: by directly comparing skills or outputs, or by using proxy metrics, calculations and data usage. (Publication Office of the European Union)

A new European Commission report focuses on how digital technologies and AI are changing the world of work in Europe. According to the AIM-WORK survey 2024-2025, more than 90% of workers use digital devices and one in three employees already use AI tools. (JRC Publications Repository)

💬 Your opinions?

Share them in the comments and share this newsletter with colleagues interested in the future of cybersecurity law, privacy protection, and cybercrime prevention.

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